Polio
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to Fact SheetsWhat is Polio?
Polio is a virus caused by a germ. The Polio virus attacks the nervous
system and can destroy the nerve cells in muscles. When this happens, the
muscles no longer function, and permanent paralysis (loss of control over
muscles) can occur. In severe cases, Polio may lead to death. Polio mainly
affects children under three years of age, but can strike older children and
adults as well.
How is Polio spread?
Polio is spread from person to person either by mucus from the nose and
throat or by the fecal-oral route. It is also spread from contaminated food
or water or direct contact with feces of an infected person. After a person
is infected, they may become a 'carrier' and continue to pass the virus in
his/her feces for many weeks. Person-to-person transmission is especially
common among children who don't wash their hands properly after using the
bathroom.
Polio Vaccine (IPV)
Most people are vaccinated against polio in early childhood. Provincial law
requires vaccination against polio for all children attending school in
Ontario.
Only adults who are likely to come in contact with the polio germ need to
receive the polio vaccine. These adults include:
- Anyone travelling to countries where Polio is common
- Laboratory workers who handle specimens that may
contain the Polio germ
- Health care workers who look after patients who may
have the polio germ
The Polio vaccine is given in the subcutaneous tissue for
both adults and children.
Dosage:
Primary immunization for children age 2 months to 7 years of age consists of
4 doses:
- One dose now
- Second dose in 8 weeks
- Third dose 8 weeks after the second dose
- Fourth dose 12 months after third dose
Primary immunization for children age 7 years and adults
consists of three doses:
- One dose now
- Second dose in 8 weeks
- Third dose 12 months after the second dose
Who should NOT get the Polio vaccine?
- Anyone who has an allergy to any component of the
vaccine including formaldehyde, phenoxyethanol, polymyxin B, or neomycin
- Anyone who has had a severe reaction to this vaccine
in the past
- Anyone with a fever over 38.5 C (101 F)
- Anyone who is pregnant
Are there any side effects of the Polio vaccine?
Although side effects are rare, the most common side effects of the vaccine
are:
- Redness, soreness, and swelling at the injection site
- Allergic reactions like hives, wheezing, swelling of
the face and mouth are extremely rare, however if these symptoms occur,
seek medical attention immediately and let the Health Unit know about it
It is routine for you to sit and wait in the reception
area for 15 minutes after receiving this vaccine. Please advise the
receptionist immediately if you start to feel ill. |
Leeds,
Grenville and Lanark District Health Unit -
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