• Abstinence
  
• Cervical Cap
• Condom - Female
• Condom - Male
• Contraceptive Sponge
• Diaphragm
• Emergency Contraception
• Injectable Contraceptive (Depo-Provera*)
• IUD (Intrauterine Device)
• Natural Family Planning
• Oral Contraceptive Pills
• Spermicide
• Transdermal Patch (EVRA*)
• Tubal Ligation
• Vaginal Ring
• Vasectomy
• Withdrawal

IUS (Intrauterine System - Mirena*)

What is it?

An IUS (Mirena*) is a small, plastic, T-shaped device that contains the hormone levonorgestrel. This device is placed inside a woman's uterus to prevent pregnancy. It can be left in place for up to 5 years.

How does it work?

The hormone in the IUS is released slowly over time and acts on the lining of the uterus, thereby preventing pregnancy in three ways:

• Thickens cervical mucous making it difficult for sperm to get through
  
  
• Causes changes in the lining of the uterus that helps to prevent implantation
  
  
• In some women, it prevents the ovaries from releasing an egg
  
  
• More detailed information on Mirena

How effective is it in preventing pregnancy?

• The IUS is more than 99% effective in preventing pregnancy.

What are the advantages?

• Very effective and long-acting (can be left in place up to 5 years)
  
  
• Does not contain estrogen
  
  
• Does not interfere with intercourse
  
  
• Decreases menstrual bleeding and cramping
  
  
• May reduce pain caused by endometriosis
  
  
• May lower the risk of precancerous cells developing in the uterus
  
  
• 20-30% of women will stop having periods
  
  
• Fast return of fertility once the IUS has been removed

What are the disadvantages?

• Must be inserted and removed by a trained health care professional
  
  
• Possible side effects include irregular bleeding or spotting in the first months after insertion
  
  
• Perforation of the uterus may occur at the time of insertion (rare)
  
  
• May fall out in up to 6% of women
  
  
• Does not protect against sexually transmitted infections