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Ages & Stages

Communication Disorder
Language, articulation, voice, stuttering... more info

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Language Express Services
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Definitions and Terms
This list was compiled for families by the Association for Families of Children with a Communication Disorder (OAFCCD)

  • you are concerned about your child's speech language development
  • your child's communication skills have not improved for the past 6 months
  • you can say no to any of the following in your child's age group (click on your child's age below)
3 months •  6 months • 12 months • 18 months  
24 months
• 30 months • 3 years • 4 years • 5 years

If by 3 months your child does not do the following call us:

  • smile when spoken to
  • seem to recognize your voice and quiets down if crying
  • produce cooing and gooing sounds
  • cry differently for different needs
  • smile when he/she sees you

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If by 6 months your child does not do the following call us:

  • startle to a sudden noise
  • respond when his/her name is called
  • recognize familiar faces and objects
  • enjoy games like "peek-a-boo" and tickling
  • turn to you when you speak
  • reach for, hold and put toys in mouth
  • babble, ("ba ba ba"), squeal for attention

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If by 12 months your child does not do the following call us:

  • understand some words with gestures
  • follow simple instructions ("sit down", "don't touch")
  • understand "no"
  • imitate sounds you make ("whee", "oh oh")
  • try to say sounds and words ("ba-ba" for the bottle, "doo" for juice
  • try to see along with the music

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If by 18 months your child does not do the following call us:

  • follows simple instructions (Show me the ____ or give me the _____.)
  • point to 3 body parts upon request
  • understand more words than he/she can speak
  • says at least 10 words or word attempts ("ba" for ball)
  • say "no"
  • try to ask for what he/she wants using either sound or words

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If by 24 months your child does not do the following call us:

  • point to familiar objects when asked ("Show me your nose.", "Where's the ball?")
  • answer questions saying "yes" or "no"
  • point to pictures of familiar people and things
  • produce animal sounds
  • say two-word sentences ("more juice", "hi daddy"), asks question ("what's that?", "where is the baby?)

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If by 30 months your child does not do the following call us:
  • point to things described ("Show me what goes on your feet.")
  • understand that "he" refers to a boy and "she" refers to a girl
  • follow simple one-step instructions ("Take off your shoes.", "Clean up your toys.")
  • use "s" at the end of words when there is more than one (e.g. dogs)
  • uses "s" at the end of words to talk about things belonging to someone (daddy's shoe)

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If by 3 years your child does not do the following call us:
  • put a toy "in", "on" and "under" when asked
  • follow two-step instructions ("Take off your shoes and put them in the closet.")
  • say 3 or more words in a sentence
  • ask "who", "what" and "where" questions
  • is not understood by parents at least 80% of the time and is understood by people outside the family 50% of the time

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If by 4 years your child does not do the following call us:
  • follow 3-step instructions ("get your boots, put them on and wait outside for me.")
  • remember details from a story that your have told or read
  • predict what might happen next in an unfamiliar story
  • carry on a conversation
  • say 4 words or more in a sentence
  • say the following sounds correctly in words: "k" as in cat, "f" as in fish, and "y" as in you
  • is not understood by people outside the family more than 75% of the time

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If by 5 years your child does not do the following call us:
  • follow complex instructions (ex. "when grandpa arrives, tell him I'm outside and help him take his bag upstairs")
  • point to colours when asked
  • understand "three" (ex. "give me three spoons")
  • produce most sounds correctly in words except "s", "l", "r", "th", "sh", "ch"
  • answer questions "what would you do if...?" and "why"
  • use complete sentences ("Mommy, can I have a cookie?", "I scraped my knee when I fell off the bike")
  • is not understood by people outside the family almost all the time

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